Excavating implement tooth



May 23, 1939. I 'r. A. RATKO WSKI 2,159,104

EXCAVATING IMPLEMENT TOOTH Filed March 1-, 1937 2 Sheets-Sheet l May 23,1939. T. A. RATKOWSKI EXCAVA'IING IMPLEMENT TOOTH- Filed March 1, 1937 2Sheets-Sheet 2 K Mam fir Patented May 23, 1939 UNITED STATES PATENTOFFICE EXCAVATING IMPLEMENT TOOTH Application March 1, 1937, Serial No.128,452 19 Claims. (01. 31-142) This invention relates to that type ofexcavating implement teeth which, for the sake of prolonging the serviceof the teeth, has the relatively small portion of its structure whichencounters greatest wear and deterioration and usually referred to asthe tip", formed separately from and made replaceable upon the body ofthe tooth, for instance, as suggested by the cap-like tip of UnitedStates Letters Patent No. 2,050,014, issued August 4, 1936, upon theinvention of Harry L. Morrison; and particularly that class of suchteeth in which the incident of replaceability of the tip is availed offor equipping the implement teeth with divers forms of tips respectivelyapl5 propriate to different classes of excavated material which theimplement may encounter in use.

It has been proposed to'equip the digging end of an excavating toothwith an axial socket, shaped to receive the shank or tang of achisellike penetrating blade, keyed in place by a drift pin and therebyprovide the tooth with a readily replaceable penetrating portion of aselected design. An illustration of parts so organized will be found inUnited States Letters Patent No. 1,816,710, issued July 28, 1931, uponinvention of D. H. Young, which produces a tooth which, as a whole,approximates an uninterrupted wedge, comprising a verticallyv taperedbody portion and a correspondingly tapered tip portion assembled sothrough means of a forwardly opening socket in the body portionreceiving and fitting a rearwardly presented tang on the tip portion.

One object of the present invention is-to comhim an axially presentedchisel-like tip with a cap-like tip, and replaceably adapt thiscombination tip to a tooth body as a means of prolonging the usefulnessof the tooth and enhancingits capacity for penetration; one adjunctivecondition in the preferred construction of this combination typeconsisting in the inclusion of an attaching tang or shank that enters anaxial socket in the tooth so that this shank becomes a means of keyingthe combination tip to the tooth, and the shank and cap portionstogether constitute more effective means for rigidly mounting thecombination cap on the body of the tooth; and another adjunctive featureof the preferred embodiment consisting in having the shank keyed throughmeans of a drift pin that draws it rear- 0 wardly on the body, andhaving the cap and body wedgeeshaped and the chisel tip interengagedwith the cap so that the cap is drawn rearwardly to a tapered seatinguponthe body.

Another object of the present invention is to 55 provide a cap-like tipwith a durable metal forward end having any one of several shapesvarying from a continuation of the taper of the cap to a desirablyelongated penetrating spikeso that a plurality of caps, with theirseparately constructed and variously designed front ends formingcombination tips interchangeably applicable to the tooth body, providemeans for lending various shapes to the digging tooth appropriate todifferent services which it must render, aside from providing in eachinstance a means of reducing 5 deterioration of the tooth;

The invention contemplates a cap-like tip having a tapered seating upona socketed wedgeshaped body or tooth nose, with a forwardly openingpassage in the end of the cap register- 10 ing with the socket of thenose through which the attaching shank of the chisel end may pass inentering said socket; the chisel-tip being interengaged with the cap tipin a manner to permit the cap tip to be drawn to its seat by the 15shank of the chisel tip, for instance, by welding one tip member to theother or by shouldering the chisel tip upon the cap tip, with or withouta bearing of substantial axial extent of the tip within the cap. 20

Other objects, features, capabilities and advantages are comprehended bythe invention, as will later appear and as are inherently possessedthereby.

The present application forms a continuationin-part of my applicationSerial No. 98,269, filed August 28, 1936, for Excavating implementteeth, which application has been abandoned.

Referring to the drawings:

Figure 1 is an axial section in a horizontal plane of one embodiment ofthe present invention;

Figure 2 is a side elevation, partly in section, in an axial plane atright angles to that of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a horizontal axial section of a modifled construction;

Figure 4 is a side elevation, partly in axial section, of a toothembodying the construction of Figure 3;

Figure 5 is a plan view, partly in section, of a further modifiedconstruction; and

Figure 6 is a side elevation, partly in axial section, of a toothembodying the construction of Figure 5.

I represents a tooth body which may be constructed in a known manner,with divergent jaws 2 and bifurcated shank 3 by which it may be fittedto a tooth base which is in turn mounted upon an excavating implement,which said body likewise includes a forwardly presented wedge shapednose 4 in which is formed the axial socket 5 for the anchoring tang orshank 6 of a chisel point 1 (Figures 1 and 2) or shank 6a of a chiselpoint la (Figures 3 and 4) or shank 6c of a chisel point 1c (Figures 5and 6) also a transverse bore 0 in offset registry with the opening 9 insaid shank and adapted to receive a known type of drift pin for keyingthe shank to the body.

According to the present invention, the chisel w tip I is not applieddirectly to the tapered nose I of the body i but indirectly through themedium of a cap member III of box-like form which has taper-seating uponthe nose 4 and is constructed with opening II in its forward end so thatthe chisel tip can be mounted upon and interengaged with the cap tip ina manner to receive stabilizing support from the cap and at the sametime enable it to force the cap to its tapered seating by rearwardtension imposed upon the shank 8 by the pin that enters the bore 8. Theconfines of the forward opening II in the cap l0, according to Figures 1and 2, are thickened in the direction of the axis of the tooth so as toenlarge the surfaces through which they receive the shank 6 to providewall sections axially beyond the body portion which are enlarged in thedirection of the axis of the tooth; said shank is flared forwardly andlaterally at its union with the tip I in the interest of ruggedness ofconstruction and to enable the confines of the opening II to provideextended shoulders through which thrust of the tip "I may be transmittedwhen the tooth is in service, or through which the rearward seatingpressure may be transmitted from the shank 6 as aforesaid.

According to Figures 3 and 4, the forward opening Ha has its confinesprovided by the thickness of the cap walls although the fiaringshoulders 6b at the base of the shank still prevail as a source oflateral rigidity of the shank relatively to the tip 1, and the mountingof the tip I upon the cap No, as well as interengagement between thesetwo members of the combination tip, is insured through means of weldingI2 applied in any approved manner.

While the design of the chisel member ,1 of the combination tip, asillustrated in Figures 1 and 2, provides the penetrating portion lb andthe base 10, the latter in substantial continuation of the taper of thenose and its closely fitting cap IE, it is to be understood that theportion 1a of this tip member may be of any desired length appropriateto the .work to be performed by the tooth, and the wedge-shaped portionlc may continue to a forward edge and serve merely as a continuation ofthe digging wedge defined by the outer surfaces of the cap I0, thusprovidingan improved construction of the cap form of tip. Or, as shownin Figure 4, the blade which constitutes the integral shank 6a andchisel tip Id is of uniform thickness'throughout and welded into theforward end of the cap opening. The exposed portion ld, however, may beof any desired length or form.

According to Figures 5 and 6, the tooth body i is provided with awedge-shaped nose la having the upper and lower surfaces stepped as atl3 and M, respectively, to receive the cap member ii of box-likeconstruction. The cap member I5 is provided with the opening i6, thisopening being defined at the top and bottom thereof by the inclinedsurfaces l1 and I8 adapted to have seating relation with the inclinedsurfaces i9 and 20, respectively, on the rear portion of the chiselblade head. This opening I6 is further defined on the sides by theinclined surfaces 2| and 22 which merge with the seating surfaces 23 and24, respectively, at the forward end of the cap, which surfaces areadapted to cooperate in seating relation with rearwardly exposedsurfaces extending between surfaces I1 and i8 on the rear portion of thechisel blade head.

It will be noted that the wall portions of the cap member forming theconfines of the opening 16 are thickened or enlarged transversely andaxially in respect to the tooth to provide suitable bearing surfacesbetween the cap member and the chisel point or tip and to provide arugged and strong construction. Shank 0c is flared forwardly andlaterally at its union with the tip lo, the flared portions beingprovided with the surfaces 23 and 24 which cooperate with the cap memberso as to prevent transverse relative movement between these two elementsof the construction and to thereby steady the blade portion of the tiprelatively to the body.

In this embodiment the blade portion is formed separately from butintegrally united to the cap member by a welding fillet 25 extendingaround the unit comprising the blade portion and cap member, said filletbeing disposed within a V or triangular shaped recess formed in part bythe surfaces 26 at the rear portion of the chisel blade, the upper andlower surfaces 26 forming a portion or extension of the inclinedsurfaces l1 and I8, and in part by inclined surfaces 21 formed on theexposed face of the forward end of the cap member I. This welding filletinsures proper interengagement between the blade portion and cap memberto maintain these elements as a unit rigid in construction and adaptedto withstand the wear incident to hard usage thereof. It is to be notedthat welding fillet 25 forms a substantial continuation between thesurfaces of the blade portion and the cap member.

Although the chisel point or tip is shown with the upper and lowersurfaces of substantially uniform taper-from the rear to the front, itis of course understood and appreciated that this chisel point or tipmay be constructed as disclosed in Figures 1 to 4 inclusive.

An important feature contemplated in the preferred embodiment of thepresent invention is the merger of the outer facesof the cap portion ofthe combination tip into or their continuation in faces of the bladeportion of said combination tip in a manner to avoid offset or shoulderat the plane of merger, with consequent protection of the forward end ofthe cap portion and improvement in digging effect by causing the mergedfaces to function as continuing faces corresponding, respectively, tothe combined longitudinal dimensions of the blade and cap portions.

In Figures 3 to 6 inclusive the welding provides a fillet which in ameasure constitutes a substantial degree of merger or uninterruptedcontinuance between the surfaces of the cap and blade.

If desired, the cap portion of the compound tip structure can beprovided with openings in position to receive a key pin passingtransversely through the body of the tooth as taught in United StatesLetters Patent No. 2,050,014, aforesaid, and this keying may be inaddition to or substituted for the keying which involves the inner endof the shank.

While I have herein described and upon the drawings shown anillustrative embodiment of the invention, it is to be understood thatthe invention is not limited thereto but may comprehend otherconstructions, arrangement of parts, details and features withoutdeparting from the spirit of the invention.

7 I claim:

l. A tooth for an excavating implement, comprising a body member havinga forwardly presented nose constructed with a forwardly openinglongitudinal bore, a combination tip structure comprising a cap portionand a blade portion, said cap portion embracing the end and sides ofscribed in claim 1, in which the blade portion and protecting the noseagainst wear and venting relative lateraldisplacement between the prehaslateral bearing in-the cap portion that prevents' transverse relativemovement between them,

and thereby steadies the blade portion of the tip relatively to thebody.

[3. An excavating implement tooth as described in claim l, in which .theblade portion is formed with rearwardly presented shoulders throughwhich it bears rearwardly against the cap portion, and the cap portionis provided with wall sections which are enlarged in the direction ofthe axis of the tooth to develop bearings for said shoulders and toassist in sustaining the blade portion against transverse. relativemovement upon the cap portion. 4. Atooth for excavating implements asdescribed in claim 1, in which the cap portion in itsembracing relationwith the nose extends axially beyond the end thereof to provide a seatfor said blade portion.

5. A tooth for excavating implements as described in claim 1, in whichthe cap portion in its embracing relation with the nose extends axiallybeyond the end thereof to provide a seat for said blade portion, and inwhich the cap portion is provided with wall sections disposed beyond theend of said nose and which are enlarged-in the direction of the axis ofthe tooth.

6. A tooth for excavating implements as described in claim 1, in whichthe cap portion in its embracing relation with the nose extends axiallybeyond the. end thereof to provide a seat .for said blade portion, andin which the bearing surfaces of said cap portion are curved forcooperative relation with said blade portion.

7. A tooth for excavating implements as described in claim 1, in whichthe cap portion in its embracing relation with the nose extends axiallybeyond the end thereof to provide a seat for said blade portion, and inwhich the bearing surfaces of said cap portion are curved laterally forcooperative relation with said blade portion.

8. A tooth for excavating implements as described in claim 1, in whichthe cap portion in its embracing relation with the nose extends axiallybeyond the end thereof to provide a seat for said blade portion and isprovided with wall sections enlarged in the direction of the axis of thetooth, and in which the bearing surfaces of saidcap portion are curvedfor cooperative rela-' tion with said blade portion.

9.-A toothfor "excavating implements as described in claim 1, in whichthe 'cap portion in its embracing relation with the nose extends axiallybeyond the end thereof to provide a seat for said blade portion and isprovided with wall sections enlarged in the direction of the axis of thetooth, and in which the bearing surfaces of said cap portion are curvedlaterally for cooperative relation with said blade portion.

101A tooth for excavating implements as described in claim 1. in whichthe cap portion in its embracing relation with the nose extends axiallybeyond the end thereof to provide a seat for said blade portion, and theblade portion is formed separately from but integrally united to the capportion.

11. Atooth for excavating implements as described in claim 1, in whichthe blade portion is formed separately from but integrally united to thecap portion and the cooperating bearing surfaces of said blade and capportions are tapered.

12. A tooth for excavating implements as described in claim 1, in whichthe cap portion is formed separately from but integrally united to theblade portion and in which the cooperating bearing surfaces of said capand blade portions are tapered and the cap portion has tapered seatingsurfaces cooperating with similar surfaces on said body member.

13. A tooth for excavating implements as described in claim 1, in whichthe cap portion is formed separately from but integrally united to theblade portion and in its embracing relation with the nose extendsaxially beyond the end thereof to provide a seat for said blade, and inwhich the cooperating bearing surfaces on said cap and blade portionsare tapered.

14. A tooth for'excavating implements as described in claim 1, in whichthe blade portion is formed separately from but integrally united to thecap portion and has lateral bearing in the cap portion that preventstransverse relative movement between the same.

15. A tooth for excavating implements as described in claim 1,. in whichthe blade portion is formed separately from but integrally united to thecap portion, and wherein the cooperating bearingsurfaces of said bladeand cap portion are tapered and said blade portion has lateral bearingin the cap portion that prevents transverse relative movement betweenthe same.

16. A tooth for excavating implements as described in claim 1, in whichthe cap portion in its embracing relation with the nose extends axiallybeyond the end thereof to provide a seat for said blade portion, and inwhich the bearing surfaces of said cap portion are tapered forcooperative relation with said blade portion.

17. A tooth for excavating implements as described in claim 1, in whichthe cap portion in its embracing relation with the nose extends axiallybeyond the end thereof to provide a seat for said blade portion, and inwhich the bearing surfaces of. said cap-portion are tapered in an axialdirection for cooperative relation with said blade portion.

18. A tooth for excavating implements as described in claim 1, in whichthe cap portion in its embracing relation with the nose extends axiallybeyond the end thereof to provide a seat for said blade portion and isprovided with wall sections enlarged in the direction of the axis of thetooth, and in which the bearing surfaces of said cap portion are taperedfor cooperative relation with said blade portion.

19. A tooth for excavating implements as described in claim 1, in whichthe cap portion in its embracing relation with the nose extends axiallybeyond the end thereof to provide a seat for said blade portion and isprovided with wall sections enlarged in the direction of the axis of thetooth, and in which the bearing surfaces of said cap portion are taperedin an axial direction for cooperative relation with said blade portion.

THOMAfi A. RATKOWSH.

